Breast cancer is the most common cancer of women in North America, with only 1% of breast cancer patients being male. In North America, approximately 1 in 7 women will develop breast cancer at some point in her life. Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death in American women, second only to lung cancer. Fortunately, due to the fact that it is reasonably treatable, the 5-year survival rate is approximately 84%.

Kidney stones are small, hard deposits in the kidney formed by the crystallization of mineral and acids salts. Approximately 80% of kidney stones are made of calcium oxalate. As a result, the majority of research on kidneys stones is related to the prevention of calcium oxalate stones. Other stones consist primarily of calcium phosphate, a mix of calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate, magnesium ammonium phosphate (struvite stones), and uric acid.

Although it has earned itself a bad reputation, cholesterol plays some essential roles in proper function of the human body. Cholesterol is a crucial component of cell membranes and is necessary for the synthesis of vitamin D and steroid hormones (including those that help you cope with stress, as well as those for proper functioning of men and women).

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is a neurological disorder that causes a person to periodically move their legs in response to an uncomfortable or unpleasant sensation in the legs. In the United States, 5-15% of the population suffers from RLS.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the number one cause of progressive vision loss and blindness in developed countries. Of Americans over age 65, at least 10% have some loss of vision due to AMD and as many as 30% of Americans over the age of 75 are affected.